FAD_binding_4

This family consists of various enzymes that use FAD as a co-factor, most of the enzymes are similar to oxygen oxidoreductase. One of the enzymes Vanillyl-alcohol oxidase (VAO) has a solved structure, the alignment includes the FAD binding site, called the PP-loop, between residues 99-110 [1]. The FAD molecule is covalently bound in the known structure, however the residue that links to the FAD is not in the alignment. VAO catalyses the oxidation of a wide variety of substrates, ranging form aromatic amines to 4-alkylphenols. Other members of this family include D-lactate dehydrogenase, this enzyme catalyses the conversion of D-lactate to pyruvate using FAD as a co-factor; mitomycin radical oxidase, this enzyme oxidises the reduced form of mitomycins and is involved in mitomycin resistance. This family includes MurB an UDP-N-acetylenolpyruvoylglucosamine reductase enzyme EC:1.1.1.158. This enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan [2].

Various enzymes use FAD as a co-factor, most of these enzymes are oxygen-dependent oxidoreductases, containing a covalently bound FAD group which is attached to a histidine via an 8-alpha-(N3-histidyl)-riboflavin linkage. One of the enzymes Vanillyl-alcohol oxidase (VAO, ) has a solved structure, the alignment includes the FAD binding site, called the PP-loop, between residues 99-110 PUBMED:10984479. The FAD molecule is covalently bound in the known structure, however the residue that links to the FAD is not in the alignment. VAO catalyses the oxidation of a wide variety of substrates, ranging from aromatic amines to 4-alkylphenols.

Alignment

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Species distribution